[ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
.Four of the above  Martov,Axelrod, Zasulich, and Trotsky  were 100% Jews, Lenin  semi-Jew, whilePlekhanov and Potresov were gentiles.The editorial board thus contained fourJews and, say, three gentiles.It is worth mentioning that the only otherrevolutionary paper in existence at this time was  Rabochee Delo (WorkersCause), of the  Economist faction, of whom the Jew, Fedor Ilyich Dan was theeditor.Iskra was printed in Munich, Germany.For a time the editorial board met inLondon, but in 1903 it was moved back to Geneva.From there copies of Iskrawere smuggled into Russia by ship and courier.In this way Iskra built up anunderground organization of professional revolutionaries, first known as  Iskrists,and later as Bolsheviks and Mensheviks.Thus, it can be said that Communism asan organised movement began, yes, with the publishing of Iskra in December of1900.Three years later, in 1903, the Iskrists joined with the Polish SocialDemocrats, the Jewish Bund, and others, to form the Russian Social-DemocraticLabor Party (which later changed its name to the Communist Party).And, as wesee, the founders and leaders of early communism were not proletarians.Almostwithout exception they were highly educated Jewish intellectuals, few of whomhad ever performed a useful day s labor. 18In 1903 a Unification Congress had to take place in Brussels, Belgium.Itspurpose was to unite the various Marxists groups into the Russian Social-Democratic Labor Party, which technically had been formed in 1898, but whichhad failed to bring unity.Altogether, 60 voting delegates attended, four of whomwere, or had been, workers.The rest were mostly Jewish intellectuals.Here, again,Communism as we know it, was born.In early August of that year the Belgianpolice deported a number of delegates and the Unification Congress moved enmasse to England, where it convened from August 11th to the 23rd.One veryimportant outcome of the congress was the split which divided the Iskrists into twocamps: The Bolsheviks (majority faction), headed by Lenin and the Mensheviks(minority faction), headed by Martov.Because Lenin had been able to martial amajority of the delegates to his support, his faction had been identified as theBolshevik, or majority faction, and always thereafter Lenin and his followers wereknown as Bolsheviks.The 1905 revolution came unexpectedly.Like the later one of 1917, itoccurred in an atmosphere of war.On January 2nd, 1905, the Japanese capturedPort Arthur, and thereby won (not without a help from Jacob Schiff!) the decisivevictory of the Russo-Japanese war.Later in January there occurred a tragic incidentwhich was the immediate cause of the 1905 revolution.This was the BloodySunday affair.The Tsarist government, in its attempts to gain the favor of the population,and in its search for a way to combat Jewish revolutionary activity, had adopted thetactic of encouraging the formation of legal trade unions, to which subversiveagitators were denied membership.These trade unions received official recognitionand were protected by law.One of the most outstanding trade union leaders  and certainly the mostunusual and I would say even a bizarre figure  was Father Georgy ApollonovichGapon, a priest in the Russian Orthodox Church.On the day Port Arthur fell anumber of clashes occurred in Petersburg s giant Putilov factory between membersof Father Gapon s labor organization and company officials.A few days later, onJanuary 3rd, the Putilov factory workers went on strike.Father Gapon resolved to take the matter directly to the Tsar.On thefollowing Sunday, January 9, 1905, thousands of people  Petersburg s workmenand their families  turned out to participate in this appeal by the  little father.The procession was entirely orderly and peaceful and the petitioners carriedpatriotic banners expressing loyalty to the crown.As they approached the WinterPalace, they were ordered to disperse.Because of the size of the crowd, most couldnot hear the order.The troops of the St.Petersburg garrison, which had beenreinforced in anticipation of the demonstration, were ordered to open fire.Over130 people were killed and around 300 seriously injured.This was Bloody Sunday, 19certainly one of the blackest days in Russia s history.Was Tsar Nicholas IIresponsible for Bloody Sunday, as Marxist propagandists have claimed? Hecouldn t have been because he was out of the city at the time.Father Gapon hadmarched on an empty palace.But the harm had been done.Bloody Sunday marked the beginning of the 1905 revolution.For the firsttime the Jewish Marxists were joined by comparatively large numbers of theworking class.Bloody Sunday delivered Russia s population into the hands of theJew-dominated revolutionary movement.Jewish agitators, seizing upon thediscontent engendered by Russia s defeat by the Japanese, and capitalizing on theBloody Sunday incident fanned the flames of insurrection into being in what wasto be a dress rehearsal of the 1917 revolution.Gapon escaped the country andessentially ceased to be a political actor in the unfolding drama.(He wasassassinated in 1906 by Socialist Revolutionaries.)A strike broke out in Lodz in late January, and by June 22nd this developedinto an armed insurrection in which 2000 people were killed.The Tsar acted atonce to recover the situation.In early February he ordered an investigation into thecauses of unrest among the Petersburg workers, and later in the year (August) heannounced provisions for establishing a legislature which later came to be theDuma (Parliament).Not only that but he offered amnesty to political offenders,under which, incidentally, Lenin returned to Russia.But these attempts failed.On October 20th the Jewish Menshevik-led All-Russian Railway union wenton strike.On the 21st a general strike was called in Petersburg, and on the 25ththere were general strikes in Moscow, Smolensk, Kursk, and other cities.The revolt, coming so quickly on the heels of the Bloody Sunday incident,caught the party leadership by surprise.Lenin was in Geneva and he did not returnto Petersburg until October  shortly before the Petersburg Soviet was organized.Martov the Menshevik leader, returned at the same time.Rosa Luxemburg arrivedin December, by which time the insurrection had ended.Axelrod got only as far asFinland, and Plekhanov never returned at all.The 1905 revolution was principallyled by second-string leaders, virtually all of whom were identified with theMensheviks, and the majority were, yes, Jewish.Those few that were Bolsheviks Nikolay Bauman, Zinovy Dosser, Olga Genkina, Virgily Shantser, YakovSverdlov, Rozaliya Zemlyachka  all were Jewish as well [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]