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.C., 123, 173vitality of, 4, 34, 110, 176, 199, 203n8 uyir (soul), 52, 146transmission of medical knowledge, 15 16,153 160, 166, 167, 169, 170, 175, 177, Valai, 158, 198, 225n24.See also Parvati,186, 187, 194 Shaktitriple Tamil, 62, 84 Valluvar Siddhar, 120tuberculosis, 26, 146 Varadarajan, Mu., 112turmeric, 60, 197 VedasTylor, Edward B., 44 and asceticism, 54and Indian nationalism, 10, 90u��am (heart/mind), 146 and Indus Valley, 96ulcers, 140, 141 and Maraimalai Adigal, 125, 135unani in Periya Pur

�am, 62and Arabic, 86 opposition to, 111, 112and ayurveda, 80, 101 and Orientalism, 10distinctiveness of, 87 and siddhars, 119early teaching of, 22 and Tamil language, 82as foreign medicine, 102 and Theosophists, 100, 216n35as Indian medicine, 6, 20, 21, 22, 24, in Tirumantiram, 62, 6529 31 and Tirumular, 58, 66indigeneity of, 29, 30, 31 transmission of, 186and other Indian medical systems, 20, as unhealthy, 13521, 23, 87 veins (n

�i), 85, 154popularity of, 3 Vellalars, 83, 98, 99, 111, 204n16, 217n79shortcomings of, 146 Venkatachalapathy, A.R., 8and siddha medicine, 30, 85, 146 Venkatesan, K., 7, 68, 136, 137, 138, 140, 141statistics about, 4 Venkatraman, R., 47, 49, 50, 58, 121stereotypes about, 145 Venugopal, P.M., 102, 124, 221n70Upani�ads, 54 villages, 113, 114, 174, 177, 178, 182, 183Urban, Hugh, 56, 153 Vivekananda, Swami, 200urine, 60, 61, 154, 171, 191Usman, Mohammed, 48, 86 Weber, Max, 205n35utopia.See also Lemuria Western medicineand authority, 195 as artificial, 142, 144critical nature of, 80 challenge posed by, 8, 19, 20, 40, 41, 52,destruction of, 104 72, 79, 114, 141, 205n3fantasy of, 97, 104, 105, 106, 150 and colonialism, 9, 19 27, 33, 36, 38, 40,as island, 88 89 194 195, 199 200260 indexWestern medicine (continued ) and muppu, 156, 162critiques of, 9, 21, 27, 29, 35, 170, 180, perfection through, 47194, 197 potency of, 28and education, 176, 177, 180 Sanskrit traditions of, 56as elitist, 114, 166 and Shiva, 63, 123as foreign, 27, 30, 39, 102, 144 and siddha medicine, 85, 193hegemony of, 3, 26, 35, 37, 42, 45, 80, 101, and siddhars, 8, 47, 48, 54, 70, 117, 140,147, 172, 201, 205n3 156, 193immaturity of, 32, 130 and tradition, 107imperialism of, 6, 33, 38, 69, 77, 199 in Tirumantiram, 60, 61, 68, 212n81and indigenous theory, 25 views of body, 28, 228n9limitations of, 9, 34, 35, 43, 53, 73, 165 views of self, 54popularity of, 3, 6, 36, 145, 200 Yoga Sutras, 54, 228n9and Ramasami, E.V., 116, 130 Yogananda, 55side effects of, 140 141 yogissuperficiality of, 32, 33, 145, 146 and alchemy, 85universal claims of, 20, 21, 27, 28, 116 extraordinary powers of, 55, 61, 112,White, David, 85 193wind, 30, 85, 129, 136, 137, 143, 162 myths of, 54wrinkles, 43, 51, 161, 165 representations of, 53and siddha medicine, 3, 197Yacob Siddhar, 49, 197, 198, 199 and siddhars, 8, 42, 86yoga Tirumular as, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66and alchemy, 193 yugas, 32, 66, 94, 194, 207n54as art, 9, 52 Yugi Muni, 191and extraordinary powers, 38, 54, 60, 61highest goal of, 72 Zizek, Slavoj, 14, 105, 106, 150modern forms of, 192 194, 200 Zvelebil, Kamil, 58, 111, 120, 121 [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]